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Acid reflux, also known as gastric reflux, occurs when stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, causing discomfort and irritation. When acid reflux becomes chronic and occurs more than twice a week, it is classified as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Acid reflux, heartburn, gastric reflux, and GERD are terms often used interchangeably, but they are not exactly the same. While they are all related to the digestive system and the movement of stomach acid, they refer to different aspects of acid-related conditions.